A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue electrical flow. Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then has to be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset ( either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city.

The following types are described in separate articles.

* Breakers for protections against earth faults too small to trip an over-current device:
o Residual-current device ( RCD, formerly known as a residual current circuit breaker) — detects current imbalance, but does not provide over-current protection.
o Residual current breaker with over-current protection ( RCBO) — combines the functions of an RCD and an MCB in one package. In the United States and Canada, panel-mounted devices that combine ground ( earth) fault detection and over-current protection are called Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter ( GFCI) breakers; a wall mounted outlet device providing ground fault detection only is called a GFI.
o Earth leakage circuit breaker ( ELCB) — This detects earth current directly rather than detecting imbalance. They are no longer seen in new installations for various reasons.
* Autorecloser — A type of circuit breaker which closes again after a delay. These are used on overhead power distribution systems, to prevent short duration faults from causing sustained outages.
* Polyswitch ( polyfuse) — A small device commonly described as an automatically resetting fuse rather than a circuit breaker.

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